How could gene therapy potentially lead to genetic enhancement?

Gene therapy has the potential to lead to genetic enhancement by increasing the production of beneficial proteins, such as hemoglobin. This process involves introducing new or modified genes into cells, which can enhance the body’s ability to produce certain proteins that are essential for various functions. For example, if a gene therapy technique were used to boost hemoglobin production, it could improve oxygen transport and potentially enhance athletic performance or overall health.

Increasing production of proteins can enable individuals to achieve physiological traits that exceed typical genetic limits, which aligns with the concept of genetic enhancement. This application of gene therapy focuses on promoting desirable traits rather than merely addressing deficiencies or treating diseases. By enhancing the production of specific proteins, gene therapy shows promise in changing the functional capabilities of individuals beyond what is genetically predetermined.

In contrast, options involving decreased enzyme function, complete inhibition of gene expression, or simply repairing DNA sequences do not directly contribute to enhancement; instead, they focus on correcting deficiencies or modifying existing functions without noticeably enhancing performance or traits.