In which scenario would in vitro fertilization (IVF) be most commonly utilized?

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is primarily utilized in scenarios related to infertility. It is a medical procedure where an egg and sperm are combined outside the body to create an embryo, which is then implanted into the uterus. This method is particularly beneficial for couples experiencing difficulties in conceiving due to various factors, including blocked fallopian tubes, ovulation disorders, or unexplained infertility.

While screening for inherited catastrophic diseases can also be a part of the IVF process, especially through techniques like preimplantation genetic testing, the main indication for IVF is still to address infertility issues. Thus, the answer that includes both the screening for inherited diseases and the addressing of infertility encompasses the broader application of IVF. However, when focusing on its most common use, addressing infertility stands out as the primary scenario for IVF application. This dual function highlights the versatility of IVF in reproductive medicine, combining both treatment of infertility and the potential for genetic screening.