What does SDS in SDS-PAGE stand for?

SDS in SDS-PAGE stands for Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate. This is a detergent that is commonly used in the process of gel electrophoresis, specifically to denature proteins and give them a negative charge. When proteins are treated with SDS, they unfold and lose their native structure, allowing them to be separated based on their molecular weight rather than their charge or conformation. This is essential for analyzing complex mixtures of proteins, as it allows for a clearer visualization of size differences.

The other options do not accurately represent the compound used in SDS-PAGE. Sodium dodecanoate solution refers to a different type of chemical that isn't used in gel electrophoresis. Sodium decyl sulfate and sodium dodecylsulfide are also not correct as they do not reflect the molecular structure or function of the compound used in SDS-PAGE. Thus, selecting Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate conclusively identifies the substance that plays a crucial role in protein separation during electrophoresis.