What is the primary benefit of using recombinant DNA technology?

The primary benefit of using recombinant DNA technology is the ability to produce proteins, such as insulin, in large quantities. This technology involves the manipulation of DNA to combine genetic material from different sources, allowing for the expression of specific proteins in host organisms, such as bacteria or yeast.

For instance, when recombinant DNA techniques are used to insert the human insulin gene into bacterial cells, these bacteria can then be prompted to produce insulin, which can be harvested and purified for medical use. This capability has revolutionized the production of many vital proteins and enzymes, making them more accessible for therapeutic purposes. This approach enhances efficiency and scalability in biotechnology and medicine, addressing shortages and improving availability for patients.

The other options discuss benefits that, while relevant to biotechnology or medicine, do not represent the primary advantage of recombinant DNA technology. Some options suggest applications that are not directly linked to the core mechanism of recombinant DNA, such as the alteration of human DNA, which raises ethical concerns and is different from the practical protein production focus.