What significant achievement did the Human Genome Project accomplish?

The significant achievement of the Human Genome Project was that it sequenced the entire human genome. This monumental project, which was completed in 2003, involved mapping and understanding all the genes in human DNA, providing insights into the structure and function of the genome.

By identifying approximately 20,000 to 25,000 genes and their sequences, the project has had profound implications for medicine, genetics, and biology as a whole. It paved the way for advances in personalized medicine, allowing treatments to be tailored to an individual's genetic makeup, and contributed to the understanding of genetic diseases, leading to better diagnostic tools and potential therapies.

While the other options focus on advancements in vaccines, gene therapy, and genetic modification for crops, none of them represent the central goal and accomplishment of the Human Genome Project, which was fundamentally about sequencing and mapping the human genome.